yi（17 / 22）

ut　at　the　end　of　Song　Dynasty，　just　decades　before　the　Chinese　were　invaded　and　defeated　by　Mongolians，　China　became　the　main　exporter　in　Asia　and　it　was　one　of　the　several　periods　when　China　was　weak.　Historians　cannot　simply　conclude　this　as　coincidence.

Recent　history　tells　the　same　story.　The　end　of　19th　century　was　a　nightmare　for　the　ancient　nation.　Many　blamed　the　trade　deficit　that　resulted　from　opium　trade　as　the　plague　which　caused　the　weakness　of　China’s　economy　in　the　late　Qing　Dynasty.　However，　if　we　put　opium　trade　aside，　China　was　still　a　large　exporter　in　the　world　while　it　imported　little　from　the　outside　world.　At　some　point，　China’s　trade　partners　had　to　use　opium　as　a　way　to　pay　for　their　trade　deficit　with　China.　Earlier，　in　the　middle　of　the　18th　century，　China　could　produce　enough　opium　for　domestic　market　and　also　become　an　exporter　in　normal　definition，　but　it　didn’t　help　China　to　be　a　stronger　nation　at　all.　When　China　launched　its　first　industrialization　campaign，　it’s　trade　soon　turned　into　red　again，　but　this　happened　during　the　last　struggle　of　Qing　Dynasty　in　its　dying　years.

After　its　opening－up　in　1978，　China　was　in　the　red　again　for　eleven　years，　with　the　exception　of　1983.　The　government　is　implementing　of　a　strategy　of　stimulating　exports　initially　from　China’s　opening－up.　It　is　a　reasonable　policy　for　a　post－communism　economy　which　is　lack　of　an　efficient　fiancé　system　and　a　minimum－required　foreign　currency　reserve.

Since　1990，　China　has　been　chalking　up　trade　surplus　with　the　exception　of　1993.　In　2004，　the　trade　surplus　of　China　amounts　to　＄70　billion，　of　which　＄58.6　billion　from　Sino－US　trade.　With　its　expanding　of　trade　surplus，　its　economic　rapid　growth　continues　for　decades.　At　the　same　time，　Chinese　factories　are　famous　for　dumping　cheap　goods　from　advantages　of　its　low－cost　labors　and　poor　environment　standard.　After　all，　China　is　developing，　much　faster　than　EU，　US，　Japan　or　any　other　major　power　of